Developing the Flow Pass for the Intermediate and High Pressure Cylinders of the Steam Turbine K-1250 Using the Computing Methods of 3-D Viscous Flows
Rusanov A.V.; Shubenko A.L.; Shvetsov V.L.;Senetskyi A.V.;
Abstract and Keywords
The data of the computational analysis of three-dimensional flows in the flow section of intermediate and high pressure cylinders (IHPC) used for the new steam turbine K-1250 built by the PJSC “Turboatom” for the units of nuclear power plants have been given. The numerical investigation was done using the software system IPMFlow. The flow pass of the intermediate and high pressure cylinder IHPC K-1250 was designed using the method of parameterization and analytical profiling of the blades that was developed by IPMash of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. It has been shown that due to use of advanced approaches to the profiling of blade rows and the formation of meridional by-passes the efficiency factor for the flow sections of the high pressure cylinder (HPC) and intermediate pressure cylinder (IPS) for the proposed IHPC made up 96, 6 % and 96,4 %, respectively.
Keywords: steam turbine, high pressure cylinder (HPC), intermediate pressure cylinder (IPC), flow section, dimensional flow, guide blades, turbine rotor blades and the turbine stage simulation.
References
1. “Turboatom.” Material iz Vikipedii — svobodnoj jenciklopedii. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. Web. 01 December 2014 . 2. \\\”ANSYS.\\\” ANSYS., Inc. Web. 02 December 2014 . 3. Ershov, S. V., and A. V. Rusanov. \\\”Kompleks program rozrahunku trivimіrnih techіj gazu v bagatovіncevih turbomashinah \\\”FlowER\\\”.\\\” [Patent] A.s. Derzhavne agentstvo Ukraїni z avtors\\\’kih ta sumіzhnih prav. PA No 77. 19 February 96. Print. 4. Rusanov, A. V., and S. V. Ershov. Matematicheskoe modelirovanie nestacionarnyh gazodinamicheskih processov v protochnyh chastjah turbomashin. Kharkov : IPMash NAN Ukrainy, 2008. Print. 5. Harvey, A., A. Anderko, M. Rziha and others. \\\”The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam\\\”. IAPWS, Inc. IAPWS. Web. 20 December 2014 . 6. Rusanov, A. V., P. Lampart and N. V. Pashhenko. \\\”Modelirovanie 3D techenij v protochnoj chasti CND parovoj turbiny s ispol\\\’zovaniem sistemy uravnenij termodinamicheskih svojstv vody i vodjanogo para IAPWS-95.\\\” Aviacionno-kosmicheskaja tehnika i tehnologija. No 7(94). 2012. 107–113. ISSN 1727-7337. Print. 7. Lampart, P., S. Yershov and A. Rusanov. \\\”Validation of turbomachinery flow solver on turbomachinery test cases.\\\” International conference SYMKOM\\\’02: Compressor & turbine stage flow path theory, experiment & user verification, Cieplne Maszyny Przeplywowe. Turbomachinery, Politechnika Lodzka, Lodz, Poland. No 122. 2002. 63–70. Print. 8. Homylev, S. A., S. B. Reznik and S. V. Ershov. \\\”Chislennoe issledovanie obtekanija turbinnyh reshetok profilej: chast\\\’ 1 – verifikacija raschetnogo metoda.\\\” Jenergeticheskie i teplotehnicheskie processy i oborudovanie. Vestnik NTU \\\”KhPI\\\” : sb. nauch. trudov. No 6. Kharkiv : NTU \\\”KhPI\\\”, 2008. 23–31. Print. 9. Rusanov, A. V., N. V. Pashhenko and A. I. Kos\\\’janova. \\\”Metod analiticheskogo profilirovanija lopatochnyh vencov protochnyh chastej osevyh turbin.\\\” Vostochno-Evropejskij zhurnal peredovyh tehnologij 2/7(38) (2009): 32–37. ISSN 1729-3774. Print. 10. Boiko, A. V., and Yu. N. Govorushhenko. Osnovy teorii optimal\\\’nogo proektirovanija protochnoj chasti osevyh turbomashin. Kharkov : Vishha shkola, 1989. Print. 11. Rusanov, A. V., et al. \\\”Razrabotka protochnoj chasti CSD parovoj turbiny T-125/150-12,8 na osnove ispol\\\’zovanija sovremennyh komp\\\’juternyh tehnologij.\\\” Vіsnik NTU \\\”KhPІ\\\”. Serіja: Energetichnі ta teplotehnіchnі procesi j ustatkuvannja. No 11(1054). Kharkov : NTU \\\”KhPІ\\\”, 2014. 16–29. ISSN 2078-774X. Print.
Please cite this article as
Rusanov A.V., Shubenko A.L., Shvetsov V.L.,Senetskyi A.V. Developing the Flow Pass for the Intermediate and High Pressure Cylinders of the Steam Turbine K-1250 Using the Computing Methods of 3-D Viscous Flows . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 7-16.
Specificity of the Selection of Geometric Angles of Entry and the Angles of Incidence while Solving the Problems of the Optimal Design of Axial Turbines
Boiko A.V.; Usaty A.P.; Barannik V.S.;
Abstract and Keywords
The influence produced by the geometric angle of entry of working cascades and angle of the flow incidence on the efficiency of active cascades has been investigated. The comparison of the parameters of the root section of the last stage with initial and optimal values of the geometric angle of entry has been given. The need for the relation of the geometric angle of entry to optimized parameters at optimal design of the flow section of axial turbines has been substantiated. The data of the additional investigation carried out using ANSYSCFX to estimate the joint influence of the geometric angle of entry and the angle of incidence on the efficiency of turbine cascades have been given. The diagrams of the relationship of the velocity coefficient as a function of the angle of flow incidence at different geometric angles of entry have been given. The distribution of the total pressure in cascade channels for the cascade option with the smooth flow incidence and for the option with increased angle of attack was given. For profile cascades operating in the range of the low degrees of the reactivity it was shown that their efficiency can be increased by defining the optimal value for the combination of the degree of cannel narrowing and the angle of attack of the flow which differs from zero. A high reliability and the accuracy of the estimation of the velocity coefficients of turbine cascades using the methods developed by KPI has been proved.
Keywords: optimization problem, active primary working cascade, geometric angle of entry of working cascades, angle of incidence, angle of attack, channel narrowing.
References
1. Boiko, A. V., A. P. Usaty and A. S. Rudenko. Mnogokriterial’naja mnogoparametricheskaja optimizacija protochnoj chasti osevyh turbin s uchetom rezhimov jekspluatacii. Kharkov : NTU “KhPІ”, 2014. ISBN 978-966-2426-94-6. Print. 2. Usaty, A. P. Optimizacija CVD moshhnyh parovyh turbin. Dis. … kand. tehn. nauk. Kharkov, 1988. Print. 3. Craig, H. R. M., and H. J. A. Cox. “Performance estimation of axial flow turbines.” Proc Instn. Mech. Engrs. 185.32(71) (1971): 407–424. Print. 4. Mel’tjuhov, V. A. Ocenka kachestva novyh turbinnyh reshetok profilej dlja rezhimov diffuzornogo i konfuzornogo techenij. Dis. … kand. tehn. nauk. Kharkov, 1986. Print. 5. Govorushсhenko, Yu. N. Optimizacija gazodinamicheskih i geometricheskih harakteristik osevoj turbinnoj ustanovki. Dis. … kand. tehn. nauk. Kharkov, 1981. Print.
Please cite this article as
Boiko A.V., Usaty A.P., Barannik V.S. Specificity of the Selection of Geometric Angles of Entry and the Angles of Incidence while Solving the Problems of the Optimal Design of Axial Turbines . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 17-22.
Studying the Flow in the Labyrinth Sealing
Bondarenko G.A.; Baga V.N.;
Abstract and Keywords
This scientific paper is devoted to the studies of labyrinth seals, because advanced system studies were not carried out to a sufficient extent. The efficiency of the centrifugal compressor can be increased by improving the impermeability of internal labyrinth seals. Today we have no rigorous theory of labyrinth seals and the system technique that takes into consideration constructive peculiarities and processes that occur in the labyrinth seals is also not available. The available conceptions are based on the Stodol formula, supplemented by the coefficients that are based on very limited number of test data and those were obtained in conditions far from being real. This paper gives proper consideration to the flow in the labyrinth seals taking into consideration many key operational and geometric parameters. The investigation was carried out using the developed technique for numeric and experimental investigations. The obtained data have been described; some of them were already known to us, in particular the influence of the shaft rate, nonuniformity of the pressure distribution along the seal length, and the values of local flow velocity coefficients, etc.). For the first time the seal was described in detail as a system of holes (slots), defining simultaneously individual characteristics of the slots and comparing them to the integral values of flow rate characteristics. Abnormal phenomena in the flow section of the multislot labyrinth seal in the form of zones with different modes of vortex flow have been revealed. Visual patterns of the flow structure in the seals were obtained. The obtained data can be used for further investigation of labyrinth seals and also for working out recommendations on how to increase their efficiency.
Keywords: labyrinth seal, physical and numerical simulation, flow rate characteristics and the flow structure.
References
1. Shhegljaev, A. V. Parovye turbiny. Moscow : Jenergija, 1967. Print. 2. Seleznev, K. P. Teorija i raschet turbokompressorov. Leningrad : Mashinostroenie, 1986. Print. 3. Orlik, V. G. \\\”Rashodnye harakteristiki uplotnenij s odinochnym i gruppovym drosselem.\\\” Tjazheloe mashinostroenie. No 9. 1993. 4–7. Print. 4. Bondarenko, G. A. et al. \\\”Rezul\\\’taty otrabotki uzlov centrobezhnogo kompressora dlja perspektivnyh tehnologicheskih processov.\\\” Sb. tr. \\\”LPI\\\”. 1983. 18–22. Print. 5. Marcinkovskij, V. A. Shhelevye uplotnenija. Sumy : SumGU, 2005. Print. 6. Dejch, M. E. Tehnicheskaja gazodinamika. – Moscow : Jenergija, 1974. Print. 7. Misarek, D. M. Turbokompressory. Moscow : Mashinostroenie, 1968. Print. 8. Тhe basic data for Centrifugal Compressor by Dresser. Dresser Machinery // Ltd. 1975. 9. Baga, V. N. \\\”O fizicheskom modelirovanii labirintnogo uplotnenija.\\\” Journal of engineering sciences. No 1. 2014. 1–7. Print.
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Bondarenko G.A., Baga V.N. Studying the Flow in the Labyrinth Sealing . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 23-31.
Aeroelastic Vibrations of the Blade Ring of the Turbine Machine in the Three-Dimensional Flow of the Viscous Gas
Gnesin V.I.; Kolodyazhnaya L.V.;Rzadkowski R.; Kolisnyk A.A.;
Abstract and Keywords
The method used for the solution of the combined aeroelastic problem that allows for the prediction of the amplitude-frequency spectrum of blade vibrations in the three-dimensional flow of the viscous gas including forced self-excited vibrations and self-induced oscillations to increase the efficiency and reliability of the sets of blades of turbine machines has been presented. The viscous gas flow through the blade ring is described by nonstationary Navier-Stokes equations that are presented in the conservative form of conservation laws. A dynamic analysis uses a model approach and finite element analysis to calculate eigenvibrations and vibration frequencies of the blades. The numerical method is based on the successive integration of aerodynamic equations and those of elastic vibrations of the blades with the information exchange (boundary conditions) at each iteration. The reliability of the computational data is confirmed by the comparison with the experimental data for the 11th standard configuration. The numerical analysis of combined vibrations proved for this mode the availability of the aerodamping at the interaction of the first six eigenvibrations.
Keywords: viscous flow, turbine blade ring, selfvibrations, combined aeroelastic problem, and the numerical simulation.
References
1. Bolcs, A., and T. H. Fransson. \\\”Aeroelasticity in Turbomachines: Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Cascade Resultsю\\\” Communication du LTAT. No 13. EPFL Switzerland, 1986. 174. Print. 2. Fransson, T. H., et al. \\\”Viscous and Inviscid Linear/Nonlinear Calculations Versus Quasi-Three-Dimensional Experimental Data for a New Aeroelastic Turbine Standard Configuration.\\\” ASME Journal of Turbomachinery 121 (1999): 717–725. Print. 3. Cinnella, P. A., et al. \\\”Numerical Method for Turbomachinery Aeroelasticity.\\\” Journal of Turbomachinery. Vol. 126. April, 2004. 310–316. Print. 4. Gnesin, V., R. Rzadkowski and L. Kolodyazhnaya. \\\”Numerical Modeling of fluid–structure interaction in a turbine stage for 3D viscous flow in nominal and off−design regimes.\\\” Proceedings of ASME, TURBO-EXPO 2010, GT2010−23779. Glasgow, UK. 2010. 1−9. Print. 5. Gnesin, V. I., L. V. Kolodjazhnaja and A. A. Kolesnik. \\\”Chislennyj analiz ajerouprugogo povedenija lopatochnogo venca ventiljatora kompressora.\\\” Visnyk NTU \\\”KhPI\\\”. Serija: Energetychni ta teplotehnichn i procesy j ustatkuvannja. No 1(1044). Kharkov : NTU \\\”KhPI\\\”, 2014. 77–87. Print. ISSN 2078-774X. 6. Gnesin, V. I., et al. \\\”Chislennyj analiz ajerouprugogo povedenija lopatochnogo venca osevoj turbomashiny.\\\” Vestnik NTU \\\”KhPI\\\”. Serija: Informatika i modelirovanie. No 62(1104). Kharkov : NTU \\\”KhPI\\\”, 2014. 13–21. Print. 7. Baldwin, B., and H. Lomax. \\\”Thin layer approximation and algebraic model for separated turbulent flow.\\\” AIAA Paper 78–0257. 1978. 1−45. Print.
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Gnesin V.I., Kolodyazhnaya L.V.,Rzadkowski R., Kolisnyk A.A. Aeroelastic Vibrations of the Blade Ring of the Turbine Machine in the Three-Dimensional Flow of the Viscous Gas . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 32-40.
Studying Aerodynamic and Energetic Characteristics of the Exhaust Section of LPC
Shvetsov V.L.; Kozheshkurt I.I.; Konev V.A.; Solodov V.G.; Khandrimailov A.A.;
Abstract and Keywords
A Numerical model was constructed for the exhaust section of LPC (low pressure cylinder) of a high-powered steam turbine that includes the last stage with the preliminary specified interstage gap and working medium sampling system, free exhaust branch pipe and moisture removal chamber and the reducing sleeve. The wet steam with tabular parameters was used as a working medium. The numerical investigation of aerodynamic and energetic characteristics of the exhaust section in the nominal mode was carried out. The influence produced on the compartment performances by the tip-clearance leakage in the last but one stage and in the last stage, wet steam injection from the moisture removal chamber through the slot of the convex envelope of the diffuser, discharge of the portion of the wet steam from the moisture removal chamber to the collection chamber of the exhaust manifold was brought up for discussion. The efficiency of the steam injection to provide the flow without separation for the convex envelope of the diffuser in the nominal mode of the compartment operation has been shown.
Keywords: last stage of LPC, moisture removal system, axial-&-radial diffuser, exhaust branch pipe, wet steam, numerical simulation, aerodynamic and energetic characteristics.
References
1. Shvecov, V. L., et al. \”Issledovanie ajerodinamicheskih i jenergeticheskih harakteristik vyhlopnogo otseka CND \”stupen\’-diffuzor\”.\” Visnyk NTU \”KhPI\”. Serija: Energetychni ta teplotehnichni procesy j ustatkuvannja. No 12(1055). Kharkov : NTU \”KhPI\”, 2014. 12–20. ISSN 2078-774X. Print. 2. Migaj, V. K., and Je. I. Gudkov. Proektirovanie i raschet vyhodnyh diffuzorov turbomashin. Leningrad : Mashinostroenie, 1981. Print. 3. Solodov, V. G., and Ju. V. Starodubcev. \”Opyt trehmernogo modelirovanija szhimaemyh vjazkih turbulentnyh techenij v turbomashinah.\” Ajerogidrodinamika: Problemy i perspektivy. Kharkov : Nac. Ajerokosm. Un-tet «HAI», 2004. 134–157. Print. 4. Solodov, V. G., Ju. V. Skoryj and Ju. I. Rudnev. \”Vlijanie gomogennoj/geterogennoj kondensacii na nestacionarnoe techenie v oseradial\’nom diffuzore.\” Vestnik NTU «KhPI». No. 111. 2000. 110–116. Print. 5. Solodov, V. G., and Ju. V. Starodubcev. \”Nauchno-prikladnoj programmnyj kompleks MTFS® dlja rascheta trehmernyh vjazkih turbulentnyh techenij zhidkostej i gazov v oblastjah proizvol\’noj formy.\” Ukrainy. Ukrainskoe Gosudarstvennoe Agentstvo po avtorskim i smezhnym pravam. Sertifikat gos. registracii avtorskih prav № 5921. 17 July 2002. 6. Liou, M. S. \”A Sequel to AUSM: AUSM+.\” Journ. of Computational Physics. Vol. 129. 1996. 364–382. Print.7. Solodov, V. G. Modelirovanie turbulentnyh techenij. Kharkov : izd-vo HNADU, 2011. Print. 8. Ajerodinamicheskie harakteristiki stupenej teplovyh turbin. Ed. V. A. Chernikova. Leningrad : Mashinostroenie, 1980. Print. 9. Kasilov, V. F. \”Issledovanie sredstv aktivnogo vozdejstvija na zakruchennoe techenie v sbornoj kamere vyhodnyh patrubkov cilindrov nizkogo davlenija parovyh turbin.\” Teplojenergetika. No 11. 2000. 28–33. Print.
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Shvetsov V.L., Kozheshkurt I.I., Konev V.A., Solodov V.G., Khandrimailov A.A. Studying Aerodynamic and Energetic Characteristics of the Exhaust Section of LPC. NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 41-49.
Comparison of the Calculated and Experimental Data of the Mode of Deformation of Turbine Elements K-200-130
Chernousenko O.Yu.;
Abstract and Keywords
The data of the calculated estimate of the thermal state and the mode of the deformation of the high-temperature elements of the steam turbine of 200 MW that were obtained using the developed integrated approach taking into consideration the elimination of the defects in the metal of rotors, housings, and valve bodies of HPC and IPC during the repair and restoration were compared to the data of experimental and calculated studies done by other authors. The difference in temperature for the rotors exceeds no 1 % to 5 % and with regard to the mode of deformation it is in the range of 2 to 8 %. For the housings and stop valve bodies of HPC and IPC the data on the mode of deformation coincide with those of experimental research done by other authors; this allows for the use of the proposed integrated approach.
Keywords: thermal state, mode of deformation, residual resource, high temperature elements of the steam turbine, rotor, housing, high pressure cylinder, and intermediate pressure cylinder.
References
1. ND MPE Ukrai\’ny. Kontrol\’ metalu i prodovzhennja terminu ekspluatacii\’ osnovnyh elementiv kotliv, turbin i truboprovodiv teplovyh elektrostancij. Typova instrukcija. SOU-N MPE 40.17.401:2004. Print. 2. RTM 108.021.103. Detali parovyh stacionarnyh turbin. Raschet na malociklovuju ustalost\’. No AZ-002/7382. Moscow, 1985. Print. 3. RD 34.17.440-96. Metodicheskie ukazanija o porjadke provedenija rabot pri ocenke individual\’nogo resursa parovyh turbin i prodlenii sroka ih jekspluatacii sverh parkovogo resursa. Moscow, 1996. Print. 4. Chernousenko, O. Ju., et al. \”Ocenka malociklovoj ustalosti parovoj turbiny K-200-130-3 s primeneniem programmnogo kompleksa ANSYS i COSMOS.\” Jenergetika i jelektrifikacija. No 3. 2008. 42–48. Print. 5. Belevceva L. K., et al. \”Issledovanie naprjazhenno-deformirovannogo sostojanija rotora srednego davlenija turbiny K-200-130 LMZ pri razlichnyh rezhimah raboty.\” Teplojenergetika. No 6. 1984. 27–30. Print. 6. Prigorovskij, N. I., et al. \”Naprjazhenija v cilindre vysokogo davlenija turbiny K-200-130 pri razlichnyh rezhimah jekspluatacii.\” Teplojenergetika. No 7. 1973. 34–38. Print. 7. Avruckij, G. D., et al. \”Termonaprjazhennoe sostojanie korpusov regulirujushhih i stopornyh klapanov turbiny K-200-130-3.\” Teplojenergetika. No 12. 1989. 53–55. Print. 8. Kotel\’nye i turbinnye ustanovki jenergeticheskih blokov. Moscow : Jenergija, 1971. Print. 9. Chernousenko, O. Ju. \”Kompleksnaja ocenka ostatochnogo resursa parovyh turbin na primere K-200-130.\” Sovershenstvovanie turboustanovok metodami matematicheskogo i fizicheskogo modelirovanija : sb. nauchn. trudov. No 4. Kharkov : IPMash NAS of Ukraine, 2010. 128–134. Print.
Please cite this article as
Chernousenko O.Yu. Comparison of the Calculated and Experimental Data of the Mode of Deformation of Turbine Elements K-200-130 . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 50-55.
Advanced Methods of the Film Deposition: Influence of the Acceleration of the Main Flow
Khalatov A.A.; Borisov I.I.; Bezludna M.V.; Panchenko N.A.; Dashevskyy Yu.Ya.;
Abstract and Keywords
The film deposition is widely used for the thermal protection of the blades of advanced high-temperature gas turbines. The acceleration of the main flow is one of the main factors that affect the efficiency of the film deposition of turbomachine blades. The data of experimental investigation of the influence produced by the main flow acceleration on the flat surface film deposition efficiency using the system of inclined slots that are arranged in the cavities of a different shape and also of the influence of the twin-slot system have been given. The acceleration of the main flow reduces the average efficiency of the film deposition for all options studied. The flow acceleration produces the lowest influence for the slot system in spherical cavities and in the trench and this factor produces the strongest effect for the slot system in the \”craters\” and the twin -slot system. The data summarization allowed for the derivation of relative functions that take into consideration the influence of the flow acceleration on the efficiency of the film deposition.
Keywords: film deposition, promising ways, and external flow acceleration.
References
1. Lu Y., et al. \”Film cooling measurements for cratered cylindrical inclined holes.\” ASME Paper 2007-27386. CD-ROM. 2. Lu, Y., et al. \”Effect of trench width and depth on film cooling from cylindrical holes embedded in trenches.\” Trans. of the ASME. J. of Turbomachinery 131.1 (2009): 011003 –011013. Print. ISSN 0889-504X 3. Khalatov, A. A., et al. \”Jeffektivnost\’ plenochnogo ohlazhdenija ploskoj poverhnosti sistemoj naklonnyh otverstij, raspolozhennyh v sfericheskih uglublenijah.\” Promyshlennaja teplotehnika 34.3 (2012): 5–12. Print. ISSN 0204-3602. 4. Kusterer, K., et al. \”Film cooling effectiveness comparison between shaped- and double jet film cooling holes in a row arrangement.\” ASME Рaper GT2010-22604. CD-ROM. 5. Back, L. H., R. F. Cuffel and P. F. Massier. \”Laminarization of a turbulent boundary layer in nozzle flow – boundary layer and heat transfer measurements with wall cooling.\” Trans. of the ASME. Journal of Heat Transfer. 92.3 (1970): 333–342. Print. 6. Koval\’nogov, N. N. \”Teploobmen v soplah v uslovijah laminarizacii potoka.\” Promyshlennaja teplotehnika 4.5 (1982): 59–64. Print. 7. Hartnett, J. P., R. C. Birkebak and E. R. G. Eckert. \”Velocity distributions, temperature distributions effectiveness and heat transfer in cooling of a surface with a pressure gradient.\” International Development in Heat Transfer. Trans. ASME, sect A. Part 4. 1961. 682–689. Print. 8. Gao, Z. Experimental investigation of film cooling effectiveness on gas turbine blades : PhD Disseration: Mechanical Engineering, August 2007. Zhihong Gao. Texas A&M University, 2007. Print. 9. Teekaram A. J. H., C. J. P. Forth and T. V. Jones. \”Film cooling in the presence of mainstream pressure gradients.\” Trans. of the ASME. Journal of Turbomachinery 113.3 (1991): 484–492. Print. 10. Schmidt, D. L., and D. G. Bogard. \”Pressure Gradient Effects on Film Cooling.\” ASME Turbo Expo, 95-GT-18. CD-ROM. 11. Lutum, E., et al. \”An experimental investigation of fillm cooling on a convex surface subjected to favourable pressure gradient flow.\” Int. Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 44 (2001): 939–951. Print.
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Khalatov A.A., Borisov I.I., Bezludna M.V., Panchenko N.A., Dashevskyy Yu.Ya. Advanced Methods of the Film Deposition: Influence of the Acceleration of the Main Flow . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 56-62.
Integrated Method of the Computation of Cooling Systems for Gas Turbine Rotors
Tarasov A.I.; Tran Kong Sang; Litvinenko O.A.; Mihaylova I.A.;
Abstract and Keywords
The integrated method allows for the simplification of the CFD analysis of the cooling of turbine rotors through the replacement of small-size elements (slots, labyrinth sealing, etc.) by virtual channels that provide the passage of air from one cavity to the next one. This computation method of the cooling of gas turbines was based on the combination of the method of computation of hydraulic networks and the method of computation of the flow and heat exchange of the viscous compressed liquid. The software CFD-product FLUENT, which allows for the use of individual programs (UDF – user defined function) written by the user using \”C\” language can be used as a platform for the integrated method. This provides an opportunity for us to compute hydraulic networks using the FLUENT platform instead of the THA software. It has been shown that the integrated method can be used for the solution of practical problems of the cooling of gas turbine rotors with internal cavities of an intricate configuration. Computation results prove that both methods provide similar parameter values of the cooling medium, however the integrated method is more informative.
Keywords: gas turbine, turbine rotor, cooling system, heat emission coefficient and the air flow-rate.
References
1. Shvec, Y. T., and E. P. Dyban. Vozdushnoe ohlazhdenye detalej gazovыh turbyn. Kiev : Naukova dumka, 1974. Print. 2. Tarasov A. I., and A. I. Dolgov. \”THA (Thermal & Hydraulic Analysis).\” Svidetel\’stvo ob oficial\’noj registracii programm dlja JeVM. Federal\’naja sluzhba po intellektual\’noj sobstvennosti, patentam i tovarnym znakam. RU Patent 2007610141. 10 November 2006.
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Tarasov A.I., Tran Kong Sang, Litvinenko O.A., Mihaylova I.A. Integrated Method of the Computation of Cooling Systems for Gas Turbine Rotors . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 63-68.
Influence Produced by the Orientation of Slot Rows in the Cylindrical Section of the Entrance Edge on the Film Deposition Efficiency
Petelchyc V.Yu.; Pysmennyi D.N.; Dashevskyy Yu.Ya.;
Abstract and Keywords
The data of the numerical simulation of the film deposition for the plate with the three-row system of cylindrical slots in the inlet cylindrical section with the radial system of slots at different angles of lateral slot deviation and with the system of parallel slots have been given. Consideration was given to the three options of the systems of radial slots at different angles of lateral slot deviation from the central line (): 15, 30and 45. The sizes of the designed model and initial data were assumed to be typical for the working blade of high pressure turbine. All simulation versions were compared in terms of the efficiency of the film deposition for inflation parameters of 0.5 to 2.0. The comparative analysis of the efficiency of the film deposition was carried out both for the entrance edge section and subsequent flat section. The simulation was done using the integrated software ANSYS CFX.
Keywords: film deposition, inflation parameter, entrance edge, cooling system, and the numerical simulation.
References
1. Li, S., S. Yang and J. Han. “Effect of coolant density on leading edge showerhead film cooling using PSP measurement technique.” ASME. Paper GT2013-94189. 2013. CD-ROM. 2. York, W., J. Leylek. “Leading-edge film-cooling physics: part I – adiabatic effectiveness.” ASME. Paper GT2002-30166. 2002. CD-ROM. 3. Liu, C., H. Zhu and Z. Zhang. “Experimental investigation on the leading edge film cooling of cylindrical and laid-back holes with different hole pitchesю.” ASME. Paper GT2012-68027. 2012. CD-ROM. 4. Sakai, E., et al. “Numerical study on flat plate and leading edge film cooling.” ASME. Paper GT2009-59517. 2009. CD-ROM. 5. Mick, W. J., and R. E. Mayle. “Stagnation Film cooling and heat transfer, including its effect within the hole patten.” Sovremennoe mashinostroenie. Serija A. No. 1. 1989. 71–80. Print. 6. Petelchyts, V. Yu., et al. “To film cooling RANS simulation accuracy improving approach.” Aviacionno-kosmicheskaja tehnika i tehnologija. No 8(105). 2013. 116–122. Print. 7. Petelchyts, V. Yu. “CFD-Modelling of Plate Film Cooling with Cylindrical Inlet Region.” Bulletin of NTU “KhPI”. Series: Power and heat engineering processes and heat engineering and equipment. No 11(1054). Kharkov : NTU “KhPI”, 2014. 82–89. ISSN 2078-774X. Print.
Please cite this article as
Petelchyc V.Yu., Pysmennyi D.N., Dashevskyy Yu.Ya. Influence Produced by the Orientation of Slot Rows in the Cylindrical Section of the Entrance Edge on the Film Deposition Efficiency . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 69-75.
Methods for design of axial turbines for ORC cogeneration unit working with MDM
Rusanov R.; Klonowicz P.; Rusanov A.; Lampart P.; Jedrzejewski L.; Witanowski L.;
Abstract and Keywords
The paper describes two methods for the design of blading systems of axial turbines for an OrganicRankine Cycle (ORC) cogeneration unit working with silica oil MDM. The algorithms are based onmathematical models of various levels of complexity – from 1D to 3D. Geometry of flow parts is described withthe help of analytical methods of profiling using a limited number of parameters. The 3D turbulent flow model isrealised in the software complex IPMFlow, which is developed based on the earlier codes FlowER and FlowERU,or in software complex ANSYS. Examples of developed turbines for a 500 kW machine are presented.
Keywords: cogeneration unit, Organic Ranking Cycle, CFD, axial turbine
References
1. Harinck, J. et al. “Three-Dimensional RANS Simulation of a High-Speed Organic Rankine Cycle Turbine.” First Int. Semin. ORC Power Syst. ORC. Delft., 2011. Web 10 January 2015 . 2. Kampsti, N. Aerodinamika kompresorov. Moscow : Mir, 2000. Print. 3. Skibin, V. A. and V. I. Solonina. Nauchnij vklad v sozdanie aviacionih dvigatelej. Vol. 2. Moscow : Mashinostroenie, 2000. Print. 4. Trojanovskij, B. M. “Sovershenstvovanija protochnyh chastej parovyh turbin.” Teplojenergetika 1 (1996): 10–17. ISSN 0040-3636. Print. 5. Boiko, А. V., and Govorushchenko Yu. N. Оsnovi teorij optimalnogo proektirovanijya protochnoj chasti osevich turbomashin. Kharkov : Vishcha shkola, 1989. Print. 6. Bilan, A. V. and V. N. Bilan. Avtomatizirovanoe proektirovanie lopatok parovih turbin. No 3(5). Sumi : Kompresornoe I energeticheskoe mashinostroenie, 2006. 66–68. Print. 7. Lampart, P., and S. Yershov. “Direct Constrained Comptational Fluid Dynamics Based Optimization of Three-Dimensional Blading for the Exit Stage of a Large Power Steam Turbine.” Transactions of the ASME. Journal Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power. Vol. 125.1. 2003. 385–390. Print. 8. David, E. Goldberg. Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning. Addison-Wesley Professional, 1989. ISBN-10: 0201157675, ISBN-13: 9780201157673. Print. 9. Rusanov, A. V., N. V. Pashchenko and A. I Kos’yanova. “Metod analiticheskogo profilirovanija lopatochnyh vencov protochnyh chastej osevyh turbin.” Vostochno-Evropejskij zhurnal peredovyh tehnologij. No 2/7(38). 2009. 32–37. ISSN 1729-3774. Print. 10. Lampart, P., S. Yershov and A. Rusanov. Validation of turbomachinery flow solver on turbomachinery test cases. Poland: Politechnika Lodzka, 2002. Print. 11. Homilev, S. A., S. B. Reznik and S. V. Ershov. “Chislennoe issledovanie obtekanija turbinnyh reshetok profilej: chast’ 1 – verifikacija raschetnogo metoda.” Jenergeticheskie i teplotehnicheskie processy i oborudovanie. Vestnik NTU “KhPI”. No 6. Kharkov: Vestnik NTU “KhPI”, 2008. 23–31. Print. 12. Colonna, P., N. R. Nannan and A. Guardone. “Multiparameter equations of state for siloxanes: [(CH3)3-Si-O1/2]2-[O-Si-(CH3)2]i=1,…,3, and [O-Si-(CH3)2]6.” Fluid Phase Equilib. No 263. 2008 115–130. doi:10.1016/j.fluid.2007.10.001. Print. 13. Lemmon, E., M. Huber and M. McLinden. REFPROP, National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2010. Print. 14. Craig, H. R. M., and H. J. A. Cox. “Performance Estimation of Axial Flow Turbines.” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. No 185. 1970. 407–424. Print. 15. Traupel, W. Thermische Turbomaschinen. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2001. Print. 16. Abramov, W. I., G. A. Filipov and W. W. Frolov. Tieplowoj rascziot turbin. Moscow : Mashinostroenie, 1974. Print. 17. Klonowicz, P., et al. “Significance of loss correlations in performance prediction of small scale, highly loaded turbine stages working in Organic Rankine Cycles.” Energy 72 (2014): 322–330. Print. 18. Michalewicz, Z. Algorytmy genetyczne + struktury danych = programy ewolucyjne. WNT, 2003. Print. 19. Moradi, M. H., and M. Abedini. “A combination of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization for optimal DG location and sizing in distribution systems.” Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. No 34. 2012. P. 66–74. Print. 20. Kelly, C. T. Implicit Filtering. North Carolina : North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 2011. ISBN 978-1-61197-189-7. Print. 21. Lampart, P. “Numerical Optimization of Stator Blade Sweep and Lean in an LP Turbine Stage.” Int. Jt. Power Gener. Conf., ASME. 2002. 579–592. Print. 22. Lampart, P., and S. Yershov. “3D Shape Optimiastion of Turbomachinery Blading.” TASK Q. No 6. 2002. 113–125. Print. 23. Kirkpatrick, S., C. D. Gelatt and M. P. Vecchi. “Optimization by Simulated Annealing.” American Association for the Advancement of Science. Vol. 220.4598. 1983. 671–680. Print. 24. Hooke, R., T. Jeeves. “Direct search” solution of numerical and statistical problems.” J. Assoc. Comput. Mach. 8. 1961. 212–229. Print. 25. Kumar, S., V. Kumar Sharma and R. Kumari. “An Improved Memetic Search in Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm.” Int. J. Comput. Sci. Inf. Technol. Vol. 5(2). 2014. 1237–1247. ISSN 0975-9646. Print. 26. Mirsadeghi, E., M. Shariat Panahi. “Hybridizing Artificial Bee Colony with Simulated Annealing.” Int. J. Hybrid Inf. Technol. Vol. 5(4). 2012. 11–18. ISSN 1738-9968. Print. 27. Chodkiewicz, R. Ćwiczenia projektowe z turbin cieplnych. WNT, 2008. ISBN 978-83-204-3362-3. Print. 28. ANSYS Products CFX, Release 12. Web 10 March 2014 .
Please cite this article as
Rusanov R., Klonowicz P., Rusanov A., Lampart P., Jedrzejewski L., Witanowski L. Methods for design of axial turbines for ORC cogeneration unit working with MDM. NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 86-100.
Influence of the Mach number on the Performances of the Exit Cone after the Last Turbine Stage
Yudin Yu.A.; Subotovich V.P.; Yudin A.Yu.; Temchenko S.A.;
Abstract and Keywords
Using CFD the computational investigation of two axisymmetric and axiradial cones (diffusers) typical for the exhaust branch pipes of steam turbines was carried out in the wide range of the pressure variation at the entrance of the cones with available tip-clearance leakage. As the pressure decreased the Mach number at the cone entrance increased. It has been established that in subsonic modes the cone with continuous external by-pass without the circular blade had the flow without separation and considerably lower values of loss coefficients in comparison with the diffuser that has a projection of the internal by-pass and the circular blade. At trans-sonic rates the coefficients of total losses of both studied cones are increased reaching the values that exceed 1 and have similar values; however the coefficients of internal losses and exit velocity losses differ significantly. The obtained results allow us to extend somewhat the database for the designers that are involved in the solution of problems related to the design of outlet branch pipes for flow rates approaching the sound velocity.
Keywords: the last turbine stage, exit cone, Mach number, and loss coefficients.
References
1. Migaj, V. K., and Je. I. Gudkov. Proektirovanie i raschet vyhodnyh diffuzorov turbomashin. Leningrad : Mashinostroenie, 1981. Print. 2. Zysina-Molozhen, L. M., et al. ”Jeffektivnost’ oseradial’nyh diffuzorov pri razlichnyh rezhimah techenija.” Teplojenergetika. No. 5. 1980. 19–23. Print. 3. Kasilov, V. F., et al. ”Issledovanie vyhlopnogo patrubka CND parovoj turbiny.” Teplojenergetika. No 5. 1990. 35–39. Print. 4. Zhilinskij, V. P. Issledovanie vyhlopnyh patrubkov parovyh turbin pri okolozvukovyh skorostjah na vhode. Avtoref. dis. … kand. tehn. nauk. Moscow : MJeI, 1979. Print. 5. Garkusha, A. V., et al. ”Osobennosti sovmestnoj raboty stupeni i vyhlopnogo patrubka turbiny pri razlichnyh radial’nyh zazorah nad rabochim kolesom.” Teplojenergetika. No. 8. 1988. 33–36. Print. 6. Yudin, A. Yu. ”Issledovanie osesimmetrichnyh diffuzorov vyhodnyh patrubkov turbomashin so special’nym vduvom potoka.” Aviacionno-kosmicheskaja tehnika i tehnologija 3(80) (2011): 80–84. ISSN 1727-7337. Print. 7. Yudin, Yu. A., et al. ”Vlijanie nadbandazhnoj protechki na ajerodinamiku vyhlopnogo patrubka CND parovoj turbiny pri izmenenii protivodavlenija.” Vestnik NTU “KhPI”. Ser.: Jenergeticheskie i teplotehnicheskie processy i oborudovanie. No. 2. Kharkiv : NTU “KhPI”, 2010. 70–74. ISSN 2078-774X. Print.
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Yudin Yu.A., Subotovich V.P., Yudin A.Yu., Temchenko S.A. Influence of the Mach number on the Performances of the Exit Cone after the Last Turbine Stage . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 101-105.
A Multicriterion Synthesis of the Control Systems of the Energy Block of Nuclear Power Station Using Laboratory Methods for the OPTLAB Optimization
Severin V.P.; Nikulina E.N.; Lutenko D.A.; Bobuh E.Yu.;
Abstract and Keywords
Consideration was given to the laboratory of optimization methods used for the analysis and synthesis of automatic control systems that was designed in the form of the program package based on the principles of the modularity, simplicity, and reliability including the elimination of program code doubling. The laboratory includes the databases of the methods and problems, and the subprograms of the methods of one-dimensional, multidimensional, unconditional, conditional, global and multicriteria optimization, the utilities of methods, tabular and graphic tools used for the optimization process representation and also its conservation. Optimal automatic control systems with traditional and fuzzy regulators for the nuclear reactor, steam generator and steam turbine were synthesized, which allows for the comparison of fuzzy regulators and traditional regulators. Mathematical models of the energy block of nuclear power station were constructed that include the reactor, steam generator, steam turbine and their control systems that interact in normal operation modes and that allows for the system synthesis and for the investigation of different laws of energy block control. Based on the models of automatic control systems of the energy block the regulators for normal operation modes, in particular automatic maintenance of the neutron power and the pressure before the turbine were synthesized.
Keywords: energy block, automatic control system, multicriterion synthesis, and the vector optimization.
References
1. Jastrebenetskij, M. A., Ju. V. Rozen, S. V. Vinogradskaja, et al. Sistemy upravlenija i zashity jadernyh reaktorov. Kiev : Osnova-Print, 2011. ISBN 798-966-2044-52-2. Print. 2. Severin, V. P., E. N. Nikulina and K. A. Tarasenko. “Optymizacija prjamyh pokazatelej kachestva system avtomaticheskogo upravlenija geneticheskimi algoritmami.” Visnyk NTU “KhPI”. No. 3 (977). 2013. 21–26. ISSN 2079-0023. Print. 3. Severin, V. P., E. N. Nikulina. “Sintez optimal’nyh sistem avtomaticheskogo upravlenija energobloka AES v normal’nyh rezhimah ekspluatatsii” Jaderna ta raditsijna bezpeka. No. 3 (59). 2013. 62–68. ISSN 2073-6237. Print. 4. Halimonchuk,V. A. Dinamika reaktora s raspredelennymi parametrami v issledovanijah perehodnyh rezhimov ekspluatatsii VVER i RBMK. Kiev: Osnova, 2008. ISBN 978-5-9926-0193-0. Print. 5. Pelyh, S. N., M. V. Maksimov, T. A. Tsel’skaja and V. E. Baskakov. “Sposob stabilizatsii aksial’nogoraspredelenija nejtronnogo polja pri manevrirovanii moshnost’ju VVER-1000.” Jaderna ta raditsijna bezpeka. No. 1 (49). 2011. 27–32. ISSN 2073-6231. Print.
Please cite this article as
Severin V.P., Nikulina E.N., Lutenko D.A., Bobuh E.Yu. A Multicriterion Synthesis of the Control Systems of the Energy Block of Nuclear Power Station Using Laboratory Methods for the OPTLAB Optimization . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 106-111.
The Review of the Methods Used for the Analysis of the Thermal State of the Turbo-Generator Rotor with the Intermediate Hydrogen Cooling
Kobzar K.A.; Gakal P.G.; Ovsyannykova E.A.;
Abstract and Keywords
This scientific paper provides review of the methods used for the analysis of the thermal state of the turbogenerator including its advantages and drawbacks. The need for the analysis of the temperature field of the turbo-generator rotor with intermediate hydrogen cooling has been substantiated. The method of equivalent circuits has widely been used until recently. However, it allows just for the determination of the average elevation of the temperature of rotor units and it fails to take into consideration the complicated geometry of turbo-generator elements. This method was realized in the computer Solid Works environment. Consideration was given to heat-transfer models (boundary conditions of the third kind) intended for the closure of the mathematical model for the thermal state of the turbo-generator rotor. The formulas used for the determination of heat emission coefficients that describe the heat transfer conditions at the boundaries of the system with cooling medium should be modified and substantiated.
Keywords: turbo-generator, rotor, winding, and the thermal state.
References
1. Fillipov, I. F. Voprosy ohlazhdenija jelektricheskih mashin. Moscow : Jenergija, 1964. Print. 2. Izvehov, V. I., N. A. Serihin and A. I. Abramov. Proektirovanie turbogeneratorov. Moscow : Izdatel’stvo MJeI, 2005. Print. 3. Vasjutinskij, S. B., and G. P. Nogaenko. “Teplovoj raschet tokovedushhih trubok.” Vestnik jelektro-promyshlennosti. No 10. 1957. Print. 4. Moskvitin, A. I. Neposredstvennoe ohlazhdenie jelektricheskih mashin. Izd. AN SSR, 1962. Print. 5. Aljamovskij, A. A., et al. SolidWorks 2007/2008. Komp’juternoe modelirovanie v inzhenernoj praktike. St. Petersburg : BHV-Peterburg, 2008. Print. 6. Isachenko, V. P., V. A. Osipova and A. S. Sukomel. Teploperedacha : uchebnik dlja vuzov. Moscow : Jenergija, 1975. Print. 7. Teplotehnicheskij spravochnik. Ed. V. N. Jureneva, and P. D. Lebedeva. Vol. 2. Moscow : Jenergija, 1976. Print. 8. Vjejli, L. Temperaturnoe pole rotora turbogeneratora s neposredstvennym ohlazhdeniem s podpazovymi i radial’nymi kanalami. Dis. … kand. tehn. nauk. Special’nost’ 05.09.01 – jelektromehanika. St. Petersburg, 1997. Print
Please cite this article as
Kobzar K.A., Gakal P.G., Ovsyannykova E.A. The Review of the Methods Used for the Analysis of the Thermal State of the Turbo-Generator Rotor with the Intermediate Hydrogen Cooling . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 112-117.
Extension of the Range of the Stable Operation of the Stage of the Centrifugal Compressor by Actuating Medium Blowing in the Vaneless Diffuser [
Kalinkevych N.V.; Scherbakov O.N.;
Abstract and Keywords
This paper gives the results of the experimental investigation of the blowing in the vaneless diffuser used for the centrifugal compressor stage. The investigation was carried out using the aerodynamic test bench of the PJSC “Frunze Scientific and Industrial Agglomeration”. The blowing was performed in the radial direction; the inflated air was supplied by the external source. The experimental investigation allowed us to determine the influence of the flow rate of the inflated air on the boundary of the surge occurrence and on the dimensionless characteristics of the stage. It has been proved that the blowing in the vaneless diffuser allows us to extent the range of the stable operation of the stage in the domain of low efficiencies.
Keywords: centrifugal compressor, vaneless diffuser, stable operation range, pumping, and the blowing.
References
1. Jansen, W. “Rotating Stall in a Radial Vaneless Diffuser.” J. Basic. Eng. 86 (1964): 750–758. Print. 2. Senoo, Y., and Y. Kinoshita. “Influence of Inlet Flow Conditions and Geometries of Centrifugal Vaneless Diffusers on Critical Flow Angle for Reverse Flow.” J. Fluids Eng 99 (1977): 98–103. Print.3. Izmajlov, R. A., H. D. Lopulalan and G. S. Norimarna. “Chislennoe modelirovanie nestacionarnogo techenija v stupeni centrobezhnogo kompressora.” Kompressornaja tehnika i pnevmatika. No 5. 2011. 10–15. ISSN 08655865. Print. 4. Tereshhenko, Ju. M., and M. M. Mitrahovich. Ajerodnamika kompressorov s upravleniem otryvom potoka. Kiev : In-t matematiki NAN Ukraїni, 1996. Print. 5. Nelson, E. B., J. D. Paduano and A. H. Epstein. “Active Stabilization of Surge in an Axial Centrifugal Turboshaft Engine.” ASME J. Turbomach. 122 (2000): 485–493. Print. 6. Stein, A., S. Niazi, and L. N. Sankar. “Computational Analysis of Stall and Separation Control in Centrifugal Compressors.” Journal of Propulsion and Power 16.1 (2000): 65-71. Print. 7. Spakovszky, Z. S., H. J. Weigle, andJ. D. Paduano, et al. “Rotating Stall Control in a High-Speed Stage with Inlet Distortion: Part I – Radial Distortion.” ASME J. Turbomachinery 121 (1999): 510–516. Print. 8. Skoch, G. J. “Experimental Investigation of Centrifugal Compressor Stabilization Techniques.” ASME J. Turbomachinery 125 (2003): 704–713. Print. 9. Galerkin, Ju. B., and F. S. Rekstin. Metody issledovanija centrobezhnyh kompressornyh mashin. Leningrad : Mashinostroenie, 1969. 10. Kalinkevich, N. V., and O. N. Shherbakov. “Jeksperimental’noe issledovanie techenija gaza v bezlopatochnom diffuzore centrobezhnogo kompressora.” Naukovі pracі DonNTU. Serіja gіrnicho-elektromehanіchna 22(195) (2011): 88–100. ISSN 2073-7920. Print.
Please cite this article as
Kalinkevych N.V., Scherbakov O.N. Extension of the Range of the Stable Operation of the Stage of the Centrifugal Compressor by Actuating Medium Blowing in the Vaneless Diffuser [. NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 118-125.
A Design Experiment of the Gas Flow in the Stages of Centrifugal Compressors Using the Bundled Software ANSYS CFX and Taking into Consideration the Real Properties of the Compressed Medium
Nefedov A.N.; Skoryk A.V.;
Abstract and Keywords
This scientific paper gives numerical simulation data for the natural gas flow in the high pressure centrifugal compressor stage for the two different models of the working medium (ideal gas model and real gas model Soave – Redlich – Kwong). Calculated data and available experimental data were compared and the graphic comparison of obtained integral gas-dynamic characteristics was given. The real gas model provided the data that are more or less similar to experimental data, which speaks in favor of its use in comparison with the ideal gas model. It should be noted that at this stage of the experiment the simulation was carried out not taking into consideration the gas flow in the side chambers between the stator and the rotor elements of the compressor, whose influence on the characteristics of the high pressure compressor is especially high.
Keywords: centrifugal compressor, numerical simulation, and the equation of the state of real gas.
References
1. ANSYS, INC. ANSYS CFX RELEASE 15.0.7. USER MANUAL, 2014. 2. Sadovskij, N. I. Povyshenie jeffektivnosti malorashodnyh stupenej centrobezhnyh kompressorov vysokogo i sverhvysokogo davlenija na osnove izuchenija vlijanija chisla Rejnol’dsa i sherohovatosti na rabochie processy. Dis. kand. tehn. nauk. St. Petersburg, 1994. Print. 3. Simon, H., and A. Bülskämper. “On the Evaluation of Reynolds Number and Relative Surface Roughness Effects on Centrifugal Compressor Performance Based on Systematic Experimental Investigations.” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 106 (1984): 489–498. Print.4. Rid, R., Dzh. Prausnic and T. Shervud. Svojstva gazov i zhidkostej. Ed. B. I. Sokolova. Leningrad : HIMIJa, 1982. Print. 5. Zagoruchenko, V. A. Uravnenija sostojanija binarnyh i mnogokomponentnyh smesej. Odessa, 1981. Print.
Please cite this article as
Nefedov A.N., Skoryk A.V. A Design Experiment of the Gas Flow in the Stages of Centrifugal Compressors Using the Bundled Software ANSYS CFX and Taking into Consideration the Real Properties of the Compressed Medium . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 126-130.
Experiment-Calculated Investigation of the Influence of Non-Model Changes in the Geometry of the Flow Pass for the Average Flow Rate Stage of the Centrifugal Compresso
Miroshnichenko A.A.; Obuhov A.A.; Parafejnik V.P.;
Abstract and Keywords
This scientific paper gives the data of the experiment-calculated investigation of the influence of non-model changes in the meridional section of the average consumption stage of the centrifugal compressor. Two stages were tested experimentally: the basic stage and the meridional section stage. The numerical simulation was carried out using the methods of computational hydrodynamics and applied bundled software ANSYS CFX. The purpose of the simulation was to obtain the information on the changes in the shape of the curves of integral gas dynamic characteristics and stable operation zone of the stage at more fundamental non-model changes in the flow-pass width in the meridional section. The results of the experiment-calculated investigations allow for the prediction of the shift of integral gas dynamic characteristics in terms of the flow coefficient and a change in their form with the accuracy that is high enough for engineering calculations required for the further design of centrifugal compressor stages introducing non-model changes into the flow pass geometry.
Keywords: centrifugal compressor stage, flow pass, non-model changes, computational hydrodynamics, and integral gas dynamic characteristics.
References
1. Galerkin Ju. B. Turbokompressory. St. Petersburg. : Izdatel’stvo Politehnicheskogo universiteta, 2008. Print. 2. Kalіnkevich, M. V., and O. G. Gusak. Teorіja turbokompresorіv. Sumy : SumDU, 2014. Print. 3. Den, G. N. Mehanika potoka v centrobezhnyh kompressorah. Leningrad : Mashinostroenie, 1973. Print. 4. Ludtke, K. H. Process Centrifugal Compressor,. Berlin: Springer, 2004 Print. 5. Smirnov, A. V., et al. “Ajerodinamicheskij stend dlja issledovanij model’nyh stupenej centrobezhnyh kompressorov.” Vіsnik Sums’kogo derzhavnogo unіversitetu. No 2. 2012. 66–71. ISSN 1817-9215. Print. 6. Povh, I. L. Ajerodinamicheskij jeksperiment v mashinostroenii. Leningrad : Mashinostroenie, 1974. Print 7. Smirnov, A. V., A. A. Obukhov and I. N. Zinchenko. “Primenenie kommercheskih CFD programmnyh kompleksov dlja opredelenija gazodinamicheskih harakteristik centrobezhnyh kompressornyh stupenej.” Kompressornoe i jenergeticheskoe mashinostroenie. No 1(31). 2013. 7–11. Print. 8. Galerkin, Ju. B., et al. “Rezul’taty rascheta vjazkogo potoka v nepodvizhnyh jelementah centrobezhnyh kompressornyh stupenej s pomoshh’ju programmnoj sistemy ANSYS CFX.” Kompressornaja tehnika i pnevmatika 2 (2007): 42–47. Print 9. Galerkin, Ju. B., and F. S. Rekstin. Metody issledovanija centrobezhnyh kompressornyh mashin. Moscow : Mashinostroenie, 1969. Print.
Please cite this article as
Miroshnichenko A.A., Obuhov A.A., Parafejnik V.P. Experiment-Calculated Investigation of the Influence of Non-Model Changes in the Geometry of the Flow Pass for the Average Flow Rate Stage of the Centrifugal Compresso . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 131-140.
Studying the Stressed State of the Turbine Shafting at Short-Circuit
Garmash N.G.;
Abstract and Keywords
The stressed state in the most dangerous sections of shafting rotors at torsional vibrations caused by sudden loading of the generator rotor has been investigated. Consideration was given to transient torsional vibrations of the turbo-unit shafting at two-phase and three-phase short circuits. Shafting sections are simulated using the rods of piecewise constant cross-section with the distributed mass, the rotor discs and flanges are presented as the lumped mass and the moments of inertia. To construct the design models of the rotors we take into consideration all their structural peculiarities, dead load pressure, lumped forces and moments and the kinematic influence of the foundation via the bearings. These loadings can be constant, periodically alternating and/ or arbitrarily assigned in time. The computations were done using the bundled software that was developed using the method of finite elements with the direct-time integration of motion equations by the step-type Newmark method used to solve problems on induced, bending, longitudinal and torsional vibrations of shafting installed on complicated elastically strained supports. For the junction points of adjacent rotors we take into consideration the rigidity of docking elements and junction imperfections, in particular the radial clearance or the fracture of section axes. The investigations carried out showed that for involved turbo-units the shafting sections between the turbine and the generator are the most dangerous. The obtained data can be used to assess the fatigue damageability of turbine shafting due to the high level of stresses that arise at torsional vibrations caused by short-circuit.
Keywords: shafting, turbo-unit, torsional vibrations, short circuit, and the damageability.
References
): 1. Zagretdinov, I. Sh., et al. “Razrushenie turboagregata 300 MVt Kashirskoj GRJeS: prichiny, posledstvija i vyvody.” Teplojenergetika 5 (2004): 5–15. ISSN 0040-3636. Print. 2. Glebov, I. A., et al. “Skruchivajushhie momenty na valu turboagregata pri otkljuchenii korotkih zamykanij.” Jelektrichestvo 2 (1978): 22–26. ISSN 0013-5380. Print. 3. RTM 108.021.13-83. Raschet valoprovoda turboagregata na vnezapnoe korotkoe zamykanie. St. Petersburg : NPO CKTI, 1984. Print. 4. Bovsunovskij, A. P., et al. “Ustalostnoe povrezhdenie i razrushenie rotorov parovyh turbin v rezul’tate krutil’nyh kolebanij.” Probl. prochnosti. No 1. 2010. 144–151. ISSN 0556-171X. Print. 5. Bovsunovskij, A. P. “Ocenka ustalostnoj povrezhdennosti valoprovoda parovoj turbiny v rezul’tate krutil’nyh kolebanij.” Probl. prochnosti. No 5. 2011. 5–20. ISSN 0556-171X. Print. 6. Bovsunovskij, A. P. “Krutil’nye kolebanija valoprovoda parovoj turbiny pri neshtatnyh rezhimah raboty turbogeneratora.” Probl. prochnosti. No 2. 2012. 85–100. ISSN 0556-171X. Print. 7. Shul’zhenko, N. G., P. P. Gontarovskij and B. F. Zajcev. Zadachi termoprochnosti, vibrodiagnostiki i resursa jenergoagregatov (modeli, metody, rezul’taty issledovanij). Saarbrücken, Germany : LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing GmbH & Co.KG, 2011. ISBN: 978-3-8465-1493-1. Print.
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Garmash N.G. Studying the Stressed State of the Turbine Shafting at Short-Circuit . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 141-145.
Studying the Opportunity of the Use of the Available Stator-Spiral Chamber Unit for the PO230/821 Turbine for the Pump Turbine Operation Conditions
Rovniy K.N.;
Abstract and Keywords
This paper is devoted to the analysis of the deflected mode of available embedded parts; in particular the stator and the spiral chamber of the hydroturbine unit PO230/821-B-224 for OPO230-B-221 pump turbine operation conditions. During this investigation we determined displacement and stress fields and revealed stress localization zones. The obtained data were used for the full-scale study of the stator-spiral chamber unit subjected to the visual and nondestructive control. We arrived at a certain conclusion as for the use of the hydroaggregate unit for the pump turbine.
Keywords: Method of finite elements, stator-spiral chamber system, pump turbine, investigation using the methods of nondestructive control.
References
1. Zotov, V. M., and V. I. Platov. “Rekonstrukcija i tehnicheskoe perevooruzhenie dejstvujushhih gidrojelektrostancij – osnovnoe napravlenie v sohranenii rabotosposobnosti GJeS Rossii na blizhajshuju perspektivu [Reconstruction and modernization of existing hydroelectric power plants – the main direction in preserving the health HPP Russia in the near future].” Gidrotehn. stroitel’stvo 12 (1997): 31–33. Print. 2. Kovalev, N. N. Proektirovanie gidroturbin [Design of hydraulic turbines]. St. Petersburg : Mashinostroenie [Engineering], 1974. 3. Veremeenko, I. S., et al. “Metod rascheta NDS uzla stator-spiral’naja kamera gidroturbin [Method of calculating the VAT unit stay ring and spiral case for hydroturbines].” Sovershenstvovanie turboustanovok metodami matematicheskogo i fizicheskogo modelirovanija [Improving turbines methods of mathematical and physical modeling. 2007 498–501. Print. 4. Vorob’ev, Ju. S., V. N. Romanenko and L. G. Romanenko. “Analiz prochnosti jelementov sistemy stator korpus turbomashin [Analysis of the strength of the stator housing elements of turbomachinery].” Analiz prochnosti jelementov sistemy stator korpus turbomashin [Vibration in engineering and technology] 6 (2004): 45–48. Print. 5. Vorob’ev, Ju. S., V. N. Romanenko, L. G. Romanenko. “Analiz prochnosti jelementov sistemy stator korpus turbomashin [Analysis of the localization of stresses in stay ring and spiral case].” Problemy prochnosti [Problems of Strength] 1 (2007): 132–137. Print. 6. Aljamovskij, A. A., et. al. SolidWorks. Komp’juternoe modelirovanie v inzhenernoj praktike [SolidWorks. Computer modeling in engineering practice]. St. Petersburg : BHV-Petersburg, 2005. Print.
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Rovniy K.N. Studying the Opportunity of the Use of the Available Stator-Spiral Chamber Unit for the PO230/821 Turbine for the Pump Turbine Operation Conditions . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 146-150.
Increasing the Reliability of the Operation of Feed Pumps for the Deaerating Plants of the Steam-Turbine Blocks of Electric Power Stations
Nechuiviter M.M.; Shelepov I.G.;
Abstract and Keywords
This paper gives consideration to one of the problems faced by contemporary power engineering in Ukraine, in particular an increase of the economic efficiency, maneuverability, and reliability of the power-generating units of electric power stations when these are operated at variable loadings. Special attention was paid to the issues of the operation of the elements of the flow diagrams of steam turbine units, in particular feed -&-deaerating plants under the sliding pressure of the heating steam, which is one of the approaches to an increase in the economic efficiency, maneuverability, and the reliability of power-generating units participating in the power control of the energy system. On the grounds of the analysis of available investigations of transient modes of the operation of feed-&-deaerating plants under the sliding pressure of the heating steam we managed to reveal technical opportunities for an increase of the operation reliability of the latter, in particular, the feed pump. A criterion of the stable operation of feed pumps and also the conditions that provide efficient operation of feed pumps, when the deaerator operates under the sliding pressure of the heating steam have been determined. The latter is achieved though the control and regulation of the change in the dynamic cavitation margin of the feed pump.
Keywords: steam turbine unit, deaerator, feed pump, sliding pressure, dynamic cavitation margin, reliability, economic efficiency of the power-generating block.
References
1. Shelepov, I. G. “K opredeleniju skorosti izmenenija davlenija v deajeratorah pri peremennyh rezhimah raboty turbiny. ” Jenergeticheskoe mashinostroenie : Sb. nauch. trudov. Vol. 29. Kharkiv : Vishha shkola, 1980. 85–90. Print. 2. Shelepov, I. G., M. M. Nechujviter and B. A. Arkad’ev. “K vyboru mesta vkljuchenija deajeratorov paroturbinnyh ustanovok.” Matematicheskie modeli processov i konstrukcij jenergeticheskih turboustanovok v sistemah ih avtomatizirovannogo proektirovanija : Sb. nauch. trudov. No. I. Kharkiv : IPMASh AN USSR, 1985. 182–183. Print. 3. Arkad’ev, B. A., I. G. Shelepov and M. M. Nechujviter. “Predotvrashhenie vskipanija v pitatel’nom nasose, pri sbrose nagruzki turbiny.” Teplojenergetika. 2 (1985): 40–43. Print. 4. Nechujviter, M. M. “K voprosu metodiki vybora optimal’nogo davlenija v deajeratorah paroturbinnyh ustanovok.” Matematicheskoe modelirovanie processov i konstrukcii jenergeticheskih i transportnyh turbinnyh ustanovok v sistemah ih avtomatizirovannogo proektirovanija : Sb. nauch. trudov. No. II. Kharkiv : IPMASh AN USSR, 1988. 111. Print. 5. Nechujviter, M. M., et al. “Sposob regulirovanija rezhima termicheskogo deajeratora.” SSSR [Patent] A.s. 1543186. 15 February 1990. 6. Arkad’ev, B. A., M. M. Nechujviter and V. Ju. Ioffe. “Deajeracionno-pitatel’naja ustanovka.” SSSR [Patent] A.s. 1455124. 30 January 1989. 7. Arkad’ev, B. A. and M. M. Nechujviter. “Ustrojstvo dlja zashhity ot sryva pitatel’nogo nasosa teplovyh jelektrostancij.” SSSR [Patent] A.s. 1798547. 28 February 1993. 8. Nechujviter, M. M., B. A. Arkad’jev and I. G. Shelepov. Doslidzhennja i optymizacija zminnyh i perehidnyh rezhymiv roboty elementiv teplovyh shem turboustanovok : monogr. Kharkiv : UIPA, 2006. Print. 9. Nechujviter, M. M. andI. G. Shelepov. “Prystrij dlja vymirjuvannja dynamichnogo kavitacijnogo zapasu zhyvyl’nogo nagnitacha.” Ukrai’na Patent 84356 (MPK G01 M 10/00). 25 October 2013.
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Nechuiviter M.M., Shelepov I.G. Increasing the Reliability of the Operation of Feed Pumps for the Deaerating Plants of the Steam-Turbine Blocks of Electric Power Stations . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 151-155.
Introduction of Energy-Intensive Solutions Using Local and Renewable Energy Sources to Provide Heat for the Institutions of the Education Taking into Consideration Ukrainian Conditions
Voloschuk V.A.;
Abstract and Keywords
This scientific paper proposes and substantiates the possibility of the introduction of energy-intensive solutions for the heat supply to the typical institution of education in Ukraine. For this purpose methodological approaches were developed at first. On the basis of these approaches we obtained the data of the quantitative analysis of the expediency of the realization of the solution on the additional heat insulation of external enclosures of educational buildings and hostels. Then we studied the possibility of the installation of our own source using the biofuel. As a result the integrated solution and the algorithm for its realization were proposed and this solution allows us to take into consideration the installation of our own heat source operating on the biofuel and to increase the heat transfer resistance for external enclosure structures of the buildings.
Keywords: heat supply, heat insulation, biofuel and the optimization.
References
1. Dmitriev, A. N., et al. Rukovodstvo po ocenke jeffektivnosti investicij v jenergosberegajushhie meroprijatija [Guide on evaluation of economic performance of investments into energy-saving activities]. Moscow : Avok-Press, 2005. Print. 2. Kolokotsa, D., et al. “Decision support methodologies on the energy efficiency and energy management in buildings.” Advances in Building Energy Research 3 (2009): 121–146. DOI: 10.3763/aber.2009.0305. Print. 3. Karp, I. M., and Ye. Ye. Nikitin. “Ways of solving problems in communal sector.” Housing and Communal Services of Ukraine 6(39) (2011): 16–22. Print. 4. “Ukrainian Pellet Union.” Web 01 January 2015 . 5. Ajah, A. N., et al. “On the robustness, effectiveness and reliability of chemical and mechanical heat pumps for low-temperature heat source district heating: a comparative simulation-based analysis and evaluation.” Energy 33(6) (2008): 908–929. Print. 6. Gabriel, I., and H. Ladener. Vom Altbau zum Niedrigenergie- und Passivhaus. Ökobuch; Auflage: 8. Bearb. u. Erg, 2009. Print. 7. Market Assessment. Residential Sector of Ukraine: Legal, Regulatory, Institutional, Technical and Financial Considerations. Final report, prepared for European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. One Exchange Square, London, EC2A 2JN, 2011. Print. 8. DBN V.2.6-31:2006. Thermal isolation of buildings. Kiev : Minbud Ukraine, 2006. [Ukr] Print.. 9. “Association of energy auditors.” Web 01 January 2015 .
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Voloschuk V.A. Introduction of Energy-Intensive Solutions Using Local and Renewable Energy Sources to Provide Heat for the Institutions of the Education Taking into Consideration Ukrainian Conditions . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 156-165.
Cooling Of Steam Turbines
Arkadyev B. A.;
Abstract and Keywords
The basic principles of the cooling of high-temperature steam turbines, and constructive solution used for the creation of the world’s first cooled steam turbine SKR-100 (R-100-300) and some of its operational results and their conclusions are expounded. Principal differences are shown between thermodynamic properties of cooling medium in steam and gas turbines as well as reactive fulfilment prefer of steam turbine cooled cylinder flow parts. Some of the turbine operational results and their conclusions are expounded. This turbine had the power of 100 MW, initial steam parameters about 30 MPa, 650 C, and back pressure 3 MPa. It was created by Kharkov turbine plant in 1961 and ran successfully at Kashira GRES. In 1979 the turbine was taken out of use when it was still fully efficient, because the tree tail turbines where the steam from the turbine SKR-100 put down have concluded their resource. Some dates about constructive features and operating results of super-high pressure turbine cylinders of American unites Philo 6 (General Electrical) and Eddystone 1 (Westinghouse) which were close to SKR-100 in designing initial steam parameters and starting times are cited for comparison. The high reliability and efficiency of the cooling system that was used in the unit SKR-100 turbine super-high pressure cylinder confirm rightfulness and expediency of principles, and constructive solutions lied at its creating. Application of offered approach to multistage turbine cooling is capable to limit using of new more expensive ovenproof materials which are essential in steam generator building for big turbine details and sometime deny them in general.
Keywords: super-critical steam parameters, steam turbines cooling, turbine SKR-100, operation experience, perspective of using.
References
1. Shubenko-Shubin, L. A., S. I. Ostrovskiy and B. A. Arkadyev. “O metodah ohlazhdeniya elementov parovyh turbin.” T’azholoe i transportnoe mashinostroenie. No 10. 1961. 3–21. Print. 2. Povolotskiy, L. V., and B. A. Arkadyev. “Issledovanie mnogoekrannoy izol’acii.” Teploenergetika. No 1. 1964. 61–64. Print. 3. Arkadyev, B. A., G. G. Khlivn’ak and G. N. Shatrovskaya. “Reshenie zadachi nestacionarnoy teploprovodnosti na ACVM.” Energomashinostroenie. No 3. 1963. 12–15. Print.4. Arkadyev, B. A., L. I. Varvasinskaya and G. N. Shatrovskaya. “Reshenie nelineynoy zadachi nestacionarnoy teploprovodnosti v telah proizvol’noy formy.” Teploenergetika. No 3. 1968. 60–61. Print.5. Shubenko-Shubin, L. A., and S. I. Ostrovskiy. ” Parovaya turbina KhTGZ tipa SKR-100 s ohlazhdeniem dlja sverhkriticheskih parametrov para.” Energomashinostroenie. No 6. 1962. 3–10. Print. 6. Ostrovskiy, S. I.,B. A. Arkadyev and Sh. M. Lineckiy. “Osobennosti konstrukcii nekotoryh uzlov ohlazhdaemogo CSVD turbiny SKR-100.” Energeticheskoe mashinostroenie, CINTIAM. No 3. 1964. 1–6. Print. 7. Arkadyev, B. A. “Proektirovanie sistem ohlazhdenija mnogostupenchatyh turbin.” Energeticheskoe mashinostroenie, NIIINFORMT’AZhMASh. No 3-67-12. 1967. 31–34. Print. 8. Shubenko-Shubin, L. A., et al. “Klapan dlja para vysokogo peregreva i davlenija.” SSSR A.s. [Patent] 207240. 1965. 9. Shubenko-Shubin, L. A., et al. “Ohlazhdaemiy truboprovod.” SSSR A.s. [Patent] 124250. 1959. 10. “Philo 6 Steam – Electric Generating Unit.” https://www.asme.org/getmedia/d0aaf3f6-e9b5-4408-8a21-02ac803eb6fc/228-Philo-6-Steam-Electric-Generating-Unit.aspx. 11. George J. Silvestri, Jr. “Eddystone station, 325 MW generating unit 1.” 12. Tumanovskij, A. G., et al. ” Obobshchenie rezul’tatov osvoyeniya pervogo otechestvennogo energobloka na superkriticheskie parametry para dl’a ispol’zovaniya pri razvitii ugol’noy elektroenergetiki Rossii.” Elektricheskie stancii. No 6. 2012. 6–12. Print. 13. Berl’and, V. I., et al. “Analiz termonapr’azhjonnogo sostoyaniy i ciklicheskoy prochnosti konstrukcii stopornogo klapana turbiny R-100-300 KhTGZ.” Teploenergetika. No 12. 1978. 43–46. Print. 14. Lysko, V. V., et al. “Paroturbinnye pyleugol’nye energobloki novogo pokoleniya.” Teploenergetika. No 7. 1996. 16–23. Print. 15. Tumanovskij, A. G., et al. “Razrabotka pyleugol’nogo energobloka na superkriticheskie parametry para.” Elektricheskie stancii. No 1. 2010. 7–12. 16. Leyzerovich, A. Sh., et al. “Sovremennye pyleugol’nye paroturbinnye energobloki SKD.” Energohoz’aystvo za rubezhom. No 5. 2009. 38–52. Print.
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Arkadyev B. A. Cooling Of Steam Turbines . NTU «KhPI» Bulletin: Series «Power and Heat Engineering Processes and Equipment». 2015. No. 15. Pp. 76-85.